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THE .DESIGN OF LOW DELIVERY CIGARETTES (WITH REGARD TO SMOKER COMPENSATION) FtL.E ....................... Long term behavioural studies (reviewed by Weber) suggest that smokers can accept progressive small reductions in the delivery of cigarettes without major compensation. Ep~demiological studies in the U.K. (Dean, Lee, Todd and Wicken) and in the O.S.A. (Hammond, Garfinkel, Seidman and Lew) are consistent with this view. There have been numerous short term studies undertaken both by independent research workers (Guillerm, Russell, etc.) and by some tobacco companies. All of these, studies suggest that, while some smokers compensate for changes in the delivery of smoke components, others are relatively unaffected. However, it is uncommon to find smokers who fully compensate for changes in delivery, particularly when they change to brands with lower deliveries. Although it is often assumed that the delivery of nicotine is the determining factor for those smokers who do compensate, the amount of smoke in a puff, or the perceived level of taste, could also be important. A collaborative study planned by BAT and Dr. M.A.H. Russell is hoped to produce some definite evidence about the exact r01e of nicotine in determining smoking behaviour. These observations suggest two approaches to the ~esign of low delivery cigarettes which will have favourable league table positions, satisfy health authorities wi~h regard to the delivery of certain smoke components and w~ich will satisfy smokers. In both approaches a progressive reduction in delivery is suggested. BAT Industries document for Province of British Columbia 13 November 2000 BAT INDUSTRIES 00290424

- 2 - The first approach is the conventional one of reducing the deliveries of all smoke components, with an emphasis on gas phase components. This approach is appropriatefor those smokers who do not compensate for progressive small reductions in delivery and who find such products acceptable. In order for the diluent action to be effective throughout the ~ig~rette, the use of a ventilated filter tip is the method of choice for achieving low deliveries, while smokers' dislike ot cigarettes with high draw resistance'indicates a reduction in pressure drop, compared to current products. The second approach is the reduction of the delivery of tar and vapour phase components relative to nicotine (assuming that this compound is important for at least some smokers). This second approach could ultimately give a tar cigarette with a nicotine ratio of 5, on the lines of Project ROMANY. However, the tobacco blend required for such designs precludes large scale production (and also possibly acceptance by smokers) and a more realistic approach would be to aim for the following targets: Tar 7-8mg, Nicotine I mg, Carbon Monoxide 5mg. Again, the use of a ventilated filter tip is recommended. This cigarette would have somewhat different taste characteristics from current products, and for this reason it seems particularly important that smokers should..be acclimatised to the product progressively. The provision of acceptable taste in low delivery cigarettes is a problem requiring more research within BAT. Taste might'be more important for the low nicotine/low tar design than for the normal nicotine/low tar product, because the latter cigarette could be quite high in impact. BAT Industries document for Province of British Columbia 13 November 2000 BAT INDUSTRIES 00290425

- 3 - Research is also required to study the interaction between the smoker and any optioDs in the design of these low delivery products since the particular way in which a cigarette is designed to give low deliveries will influence the way the cigarette is smoked. Smokers will not necessarily obtain the same amount ofsmoke from two products with identical league table deliveries achieved by different means. Although marketing, considerations will influence the lower limits towards which deliveries will be reduced, some of the effects of smoking, e.g. the maintenance of performance in difficult tasks, appear to be due to nicotine itself, and a minimum nicotine intake must be achieved before such effects occur.' The minimum effective nicotine level will depend very much on the idiosyncrasies of individual smokers, but we should aim at a cigarette delivering at least 0.5mg of nicotine. With appropriate design, including moderately low draw resistance, smokers will be able to obtain up to 1 mg nicotine from such a cigarette. .0 BAT Industries document for Province of British Columbia 13 November 2000 BAT INDUSTRIES 00290426