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9. the concentration indicated, the solution may be entirely decolorized and freed from the per- manganate. The treating material thus formed may be utilized for removal of iron and man- 6 ganese solutes from water by percolating the water through a bed of the material. This may be carried on in a cloced system, so that a pres- sure head may be maintained on the treated water./ The treating material may be regener- 10 ated periodically with a fresh solution of potas- sium permanganate, with or without a prelimi- nary removal of acquired manganese and iron compounds by appropriate solvents. By way of further example, a demonstration 15 of the effectiveness of the treating material Just referred to may be made by passing through a bed of the same an acid solution of ferrous sul- phate, whereupon it will be observed that the ferrous solute is oxidized to the ferric form. as 20 evidenced by a change in color of the solution from blue to brown, and which may be confirmed by suitable chemical analytical tests. By way of further example, a treating mate- rlal may be prepared by adsorption in activated 25 carbon of potassium dichromate from aqueous solution, and upon the passing of a sulfuric acid- , ethyl alcohol mixture through a bed of this ma- ~terial, there is an apparent conversion of the | ethyl alcohol to acetaldehyde. 30/ As a further example of a treating material "which may be employed for sterilizing effect, ~activated carbon may be charged with a bac- tericidal oxidizing agent, such as iodine, by ad- sor.ption from a suitable aqueous solution. Such material possesses distinct germicidal powers, and micro-organisms contained in the fluid sub- Jected to contact with the material will be killed or incapacitated by its action. As a variant of such procedure for sterilization of a liquid, water 40 for example, the water maY be subjected to pre- treatment with iodine in a concentration Such as to effect ,sterilization, and the treated water, after the desired contact period, may then be passe~l through a bed of activated carbon, where- 45 in th~ iodine is removed from the water by ad- sorpti0n. In like fashion, by appropriate selection of the oxidizing agent for preparation of the treating material, the invention may be applied to the 50 treatment of other various particular fluids and solutions. For example, to remove excess alka- linity from water, a treating material may be prepared by adsorption of an oxidizing agent which is also an acid (e. g. nitric acid) in acti- 55 rated carbon, and the alkaline water passed through a bed of such material. Thus water which has been subjected to softening treat- ment by the lime-and-soda process may be freed Of its residual alkalinity. Tests have indicated 60 that regardless of the initial alkalinity of the water, it may be effectively neutralized by this treatment. In certain industrial processes it is desirable to free a gas from impurities which are reduc- 65 tng agents, sulphur dioxide, for example. My treating material and process may be employed to effect such result. By preparing the material by adsorption of potassium permanganate in ac- tivated carbon from a solution, and passing a 70 gas containing sulphur dioxide through a bed of such material suitably moistened, large volumes of the sulphur diOxide may be removed through oxidation of the sulphur dioxide to sulphur tri- oxide. 76 In instances where the oxidizable material 9j0§5~476 from the treated fluid unites with the treating material, it may be recovered from the same by appropriate treatment. It is to be observed that an inherent advan- tage of the present invention results from the 5 fact that it involves no proportioning of the oxi- dizing agent to the material treated. Although the actual amount of oxidizing agent actually present may be greatly in excess of the require- •ments of the oxidizable material or fluid in con- 10 tact with the treating material at any instant, such excess does not become an addition to the treated fluid, the amount supplied to the reac- tion being automatically correct and controlled by the reducing capacity of the substances which 15 are present "and which it is desired to oxidize. Hence there is no possibility for overdosage un- der any circumstances, or of insufficient dosage so long as the treating material retains its oxi- dizing power. Although, in the course of use, 20 the oxidizing effectiveness of the material may become reduced, the material may be regenerat- ed to restore that power by retreatment with the oxidizing agent and, if necessary, by reacti- vation as a preliminary to such additional ad° 25 sorption of the latter, What I claim is: 1, A process for the treatment of a fluid con- taining a sulfurous reducing agent, which com- l~rlses submitting the fluid containing said sul- 30 furous reducing agent to contact with carbon containing substantial quantities of an adsorbed non-gaseous oxidizing agent, whereby to effect a reaction between said sulfurous reducing agent and said oxidizing agent. 35 2. A process for sterilizing an aqueous liquid, which comprises contacting the liquid with car- bon carrying a substantial qUantityof adsorbed iodine. 3. A process for purifying fluids, which corn- 40 prises contacting said fluids with carbon carrying a substantial quantity Of adsorbed iodine. 4. A process for treating a liquid cOntaining a substance which will react with a water-soluble oxidizing agent, which comprises contacting the 45 liquid with a water-soluble oxidizing agent ad- sorbed in adsorptive carbon. 5. A process for treating a liquid COntaining a reducing substance with a water-soluble oxidiz- ing agent capable of reacting therewith, which 50 comprises contacting a water solution of said oxidizing agent with adsorbent carbon tO the ex- tent necessary to absorb a quantity of said ox- idizing agent and to reduce the coneentrati0n of said oxidizing agent in said solution, removing 55 said carbon from contact with said ~olution, and then contacting the carbon containing said ad- sorbed oxidizing agent with the liquid to be treat- ed to liberate said o]/ldiziug agent onlY'to the ex- tent necessary for the reaction with said reduc- 80 ing substance. 6. A process for treating a liquid containing dissolved substances capable of being oxidized, which comprises adsorbing a substantial quantity of a non-gascous oxidizing agent in carbon and 65 from an aqueous medium, and contacting said liquid with said carbon to effect a reactiOn be- tween the oxidizable substance dissolved therein and the oxidizing agent adsorbed in the carbon, thereby removing from the carbon the amount of 70 oxidizing agent entering into the reaction with- out physically displacing from the carbon the portions of said oxidizing agent not entering into the reaction. 7. The process which comprises adding to a 76

10 S,OSB~476 liquid an undetermined amount of a reducing agent soluble therein, and then contacting said liquid with carbon carrying a substantial quantity of an adsorbed water-soluble oxidizing agent, said quantity being in excess of that required for re- action with the reducing compounds in the said liquid~ whereby to react the reducing agent in said liquid with the adsorbed oxidizing agent in the carbon to remove from the carbon the amount of the oxidizing agent entering into the reaction without physically displacing from the carbon the portion of said oxidizing agent which does not enter into the reaction. 3 8. The method of treating a liquid containing a dissolved quantity of an organic compound ca- pable of being oxidized, which comprises contact- ing said liquid with carbon containing a substan- tial quantity of a water-soluble adsorbed non- 6 gaseous oxidizing agent to produce a reaction be- tween said organic compound and said oxidizing agent and to remove from the carbon only the amount of said oxidizing agent necessary for said reaction. 10 ABRAHAM SIDNEY BEI-IRMAN.

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/ Patente'd June 15, 1926. .., , r 1,589,081 f UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. RUDOLF ADLER~ OF CARLSBAD~ CZECHOSLOVAKIA. ADSORPTIVE CHARCOAL FOR MEDICINAL I'URP0~ES. N0 Drawing. Application £1ed ]~ebruary 25s 1921, ~erial No. 447s915, anti in Czechoslovakia December 5, 1919. ". Adsorptive charcoal for medicinal pur- poses, in tim shape of compressed bodies of powder, tablets, granules, pills and the like, • is chiefly produced in the following way: t "lhe charcoal is mixed with binding mate- rials such as gelatinous substances, gums and rosins, starch, dextrin, and the like, and, after gradual granulation and compres- • sion, is dried. 10 Practice, however, has shown that the in the ceramic sense--represents tim thin- ning substance. B~ the addition of large quantities of charcoal shapes are obtained 4o which are easily crumbled ll~l water or other liquids, while on the other hand by the ad- dition of small quantities of charcoal the sh,qpes have greater durability. • For pills, compressed bodies of powder, 45 and the like, in which a quick and 'complete disintegration is desired in the mouth or in charcoal preparations produced in this man- the digestive tract, and which, when sat- net' have no action---or only little action-- nrated with water, are required to give a ,and it is found that under certain circum- "homogeneous suspension, the amount of t~0 stances, for example ,vith diabetic subjects, charcoal added would have to be consider- 1~ such prel)arations ha~e an injurious action, ably greater than in the production of flat j It has now been found that charcoal prep- discs, cones, or sticks and the like, which are ] arations Of excellent action can be obtained to_he recd. a_s ~lisinfvctants and_ o~~ [ if in place of the customary materials hith- bo_q.4j~ for introduction into wou-ii~s, and 1~ crto nsed for binding together the preferably K~,e therefore to retain their shape. so finely divided charcoal, such materials are ']he plastic charcoal mas~s can, if re-i employed which are t~ot, or o~,lv in ~ml)ara- qub'e~l~ before beitJg~]talWd~ Im ttdmi~ed with I lively ~mall qm.~titi,% s~d~orl~l by th(; cb~tr- oth(~J' medicated s.b.~tttt ¢(% if (hcue ~r(; (o coal. act at the same time as the adsorption char- "6o !: i¸ il :i i) I it (, In this particular case, the masses retain In testimony whereof I have hereunto set ~5. their shape after drying. The durability of my hand. ' " the formed shape is dependent upon the quantity of the fine charcoal powder which-~- Da. RUDOLF ADLER. Elastic clays, jelly-like silicates, gypsum" coal. t:! :, ~t~ and the like have shown themseh'es as par- I claim as my invention: ~: ,: ticularly suitable for this purpose. 1. A medicinal charcoal preparation in ........ " l,~xample.--70 kg. of adsorption charcoal compressed body form consisting of a mix- are mixed with 80 kg. of plastic clay, ture of powdered adsorptive chareoal, and an ~ j kneaded with the addition of 70 litres of inorganic binding material, t ! a0 water until a homogcneou.q mass is obtained 2. A medicinal charcoal preparation in and then shaped in the tablet machine. The compressed body form consisting of a mix- moist tablets are subsequently dried at a tern- ture of powdered adsorptive charcoal, and a I: perature of about 70°. - plastic clay. " ~0 ~, ~, (

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/ / U ted States Patent n , ,,, i i lllJ tl i 1 2,951,791 USE OF CALCIte1 SIIJCATE IN TABLET COMPRESSING Carl Louis Stearns, Orangebnrg, N.Y., 8s.slgnor to Ameri- can Cyanamid Company, New Yorkj N.Y., a corpora- tion of Maine No Drawing. Filed Aug. 31, 11959, Ser. No. 836j939 2 Claims. (Ci.. 167----82) This inventlon relates to the production of tablets of therapeutic materials. In the pharmaceutical industry it is a well-known fact that very few crystalline or powdered materials can be compressed into suitable tablets on automatic tableting equipment in their crystalline or powdered form. The practice has developed of first preparing a granulation of the material, because it is known that the grain-like struc- ture thus formed is suitable for compression into tablets. There are two weU-known methods of preparing a granu- lation, namely, the wet granulating process, and the dry granulating process which is also known as "slugging." The method of preparing a granulation according to the wet granulating process consists of moistening the dry Powder, with or without the addition of an adhesive substance, until the whole is converted into a crumbly mass. The mass is then forced through a screen in order to reduce the material to a grain-like structure of small granules. The most commonly used moistening agent is, of course, water although other solvents are well-known for this purpose. It is also common practice to add a substance such as gelatin, starch, or gum acacia in order to assist in granulating the material. The method of preparing a granulation according to the dry granulating process consists of pre-eompressing the dry powder into oversized tablets or "slugs." These over- sized tablets or "slugs" are then broken into a granulation of substantially uniform size. The present invention is based on the discovery that the addition of not less than about 20% hy weight of.cea~iu.m.- silicate aerogel to crystalline or powdered materials ren- it~rs'them ca~ble of being compressed directly into suit- able tablets on automatic tableting equipment. The pres- ent invention completely eliminates the necessity of first preparing a granulation of crystalline or powdered ma- terials before compressing them into tablets. In the tableting art, the elimination of the necessity of first pre- paring a granulation results in a host of economle ad- vantages. Insofar as the wet granulating process is con- corned, the wet mixing, drying, and screening operations are eliminated. Insofar as the dry granulating process is concerned, the pro-compression, breaking, and screening operations are eliminated. In both cases, the amount of equipment, labor and floor space needed is vastly re- duced. Furthermore, since by praeticlng the present in- vention a compressed tablet can be made eliminating all but the steps of mixing and compressing, there results a great saving of time. The .present invention is not to be confused with the 1Jse of small amounts of calcium silicate aerogel as a lu- bricant in tablet compressing. Lubricants are rarely used in excess of 5% by weight in tablet compressing for the purpose of preventing sticking in the die and promoting the flow of powder in the hopper. The calcium silicate aerogel that is used in practicing the present invention is one of a number of commercially available siliceous aerogels produced in either the vapor phase or the liquid phase. It is an extremely porous, very Of ce 2,951,791 Patented Sept. 6, 1950 2 light and relatively inert material which has a physical structure which has been described as a tenuous web of microscopic silica filaments. It has a bulk density rang- ing from 6 to 15 pounds per cubic foot and a surface area 5 of the order of from 100 to 200 square meters per gram. Particle sizes may range from 0.01 to 0.05 micron. It is indeed surprising that the addition of other siliceous aerogels, such as silica or silici¢ acid, to crystalline or powdered materials does not render them capable of being 10 compressed directly into suitable tablets on automatio tableting equipment. Many materials which heretofore were exceedingly dif- ficult to prepare in tablet form, such as, for example, hexylresorcinol, may now be readily tableted by the prao- 15 tice of the present invention. In practicing the present invention, it is only necessary that the crystalline or powdered materials to be tableted are compatible with the calcium silicate aerogel. The material to be tableted may be mixed directly with the calcium silicate aerogel or ~0 it may be dissolved in a solvent and the resulting solution may be mixed with the calcium silicate aerogel, after which evaporation of the solvent is affected. Furthermore, the maximum proportion of calcium silicate aerogel which may be employed in practicing the present invention may 25 be very close to 100% by weight in the case of those medicaments which are administered in small amount. In practicing the present invention, lubricants such as magnesium stearate, fillers such as starch, or disintegrators such as polyvlnylpyrrolidone may be added to the mixture 80 of the calcium silicate nerogel and the crystalline or powdered material prior to tableting on automatic tablet- ing equipment. The following examples are illustrative of th~ present invention: 85 Example 1 In 200 parts of anhydrous ethyl alcohol was dissolved 200 parts of hexylresorclnol, and to the resulting solution was added 1~0 parts of calcium silicate aerogel. After 40 thorough admixture, evaporation of the alcohol was effected, and then 3.5 parts of magnesium stearate was blended into the mixture. The resulting powder was tableted in an automatic tableting machine whereby excel- lent tablets were obtained. Example 2 45 A mixture of 30 parts of 2.acetylamino-l,3,4-thiadi- azole-5-sulfonamide, 26 parts of calcium silicate aerogel, 3 parts of starch, and 1 part of magnesium stearate was prepared. The mixture was thoroughly blended and then 50 screened through a 60 mesh screen. The resulting powder was tableted in an automatic tableting machine whereby very good tablets were obtained. Example 3 55- A mixture of 15.0 parts of ctdortetraeyeline hydro- chloride, 10.5 parts of calcium silicate aerogel, 11.85 parts of starch, and 0.15 part of magnesium stearate was pre- pared. The mixture was thoroughly blended and then screened through a 30 mesh screen. The resulting powder 60 was tableted in an automatic tableting machine whereby excellent tablets were obtained. What is claimed is: 1. The process of preparing tablets of therapeutic ma- terials comprising the steps of mixing a non-granulated active therapeutic material with not less than about 20% 135 by weight of calcium silicate aerogel having a particle size of from about 0.01 micron to about 0.05 micron, and forming the mixture thus obtained into tablets by com- pression. 2. A therapeutic tablet consisting essentially of a non- 70 granulated active therapeutic material and not less than about 20% by weight of calcium silicate aerogel h~vinf#

9,0B1,701 S a particlo slze of from about 0.01 micron to about 0.05 micron. Reference8 Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATEN'~ 2,059,811 8auez: .................. Nov. 3, 1936 2,768.899 2,868,655 5 533,625 Waldo .................. Oct. 30, 1956 Landerburg ............. Jan. 13, 1959 FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain ............ Feb. 7, 1941 •., • •

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.Q 2,143,0G8 , ! UR]TED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1,14S,©$8 THEEAP~UTI0 AGENT Oeor~ ~ ~o~n, ~atore, Ohio NO Drawing. Application May 28, 195'/,. Serial No. 145,884 9 Claims. (CI. 16'/--58) This lnventlon relates to the~ral~utlc r,~en~and settling. Thief is what Is meant by the term more particularly to an agent t, dapted for l_ntra- "dispersed" as used in the claims. These results venous Injection for the purpose Of ads'~bing are accomplished by means of a dispersing agent b"h~Er]~l" toxins, stimulating phagocytosis, and or a protective agent alone, or by a combination 5 activating ~lie-retlculo-endothellum system, of a dispersing ag6nt and protective agent, or by I~ '~e Jn.tr~venous Injection of ch~rcoal or carbon means of an agent having dispersing and protec- Particles Is hot new. 'I~ae excellent adsorptive tlve properties. In using the term "protective powers of carbon are well. known and many at- agent", I Include, of course, protective collolds~ tempts Imve been made In one way or another The use of these agents permits fine grinding to 10 to use these advante.gcous qualltl~ of charcoal a much finer degree than can be accomplished 10 In the treatment of human beings for the purpose without them, because they cause eachel~artlcle of removing a toxlc condition. The uses of char- to act as an entity. Thls enables me to classify coal for this purpose In the past have, however, the particles as to slze by filtration, air separa- been limited by reason of the fact that dangerous tlon, wet floatatlon, wet classification or cen- l~ results were apt to result from the action of the trlfuglng. II~ carbon particles themselves. They might be As a car r!er I may use a large number of sub- | spicular in form ~ud cause puncturing of smaller stafig~--.-Examples of carriers arc water, water blood vcssels ]ea,.llng to the formatlbn of blood miscible solvents, saline solution, and glucose. clots and the llke. The size of the particles and Without limiting myself, I prefer to use sterile ~0 their tendency to conglomerate has also caused double distilled water. 20 mechanical blockage of the blood vessels. Fur- Many dispersing agents are known in the art; thermore, dif~eulty has always been encountered among these are, by way of example, the poly- In passing the material through the bore of a merlzed organic salts of sulphonlc acids of the hypodermic needle. Another difficulty has been alkyl-aryl type, the alkylated naphthalene sul- due to the rapid sedamentatio~ of the carbon phonic acld type, and colloidal dyes of various 25 particles In a very short space of time, par- types. Entirely without limitation, I prefer to tlcularly where the Injection is not made very " use Congo red, which is a colloidal dye, and while promptly after the syringe is filled, various amounts of a dispersing agent may be In vlew of these various difficulties It is an used, I have found it preferable to use one per object of my invention to provide a material cent of the Congo red by weight of the carbon. 80 which may be tnjeeted intravenously where lndl- As a protective agent, or In some Instances as a cated with entire safety. Another object of my combination of dispersing agent and protective Invention Is to provide material which will be free agent, many materials may be used. As examples, flowing. In which the particles will not con- and without limitation, I may employ dextrose, ~o" glomerate, in which sedimentation Is prevented ethylene glycol, trlethanolamlne, gum acacia and ~15 or subste, ntlally reduced, m~d which will not cause others. I have found it desirable to use a twenty- clogging of hypodermic needles, or of the vasc~tlar five per cent solution of dextrose in double dis- syatem, tilled water. Some substances as gum acacia, Other objects of my Invention include the pro- for example, while they act properly as protective vision of a material e~ above outlined which wm agents have the objection that they clog up the 40 be more efficient in c~rrylng out its pull~se, which pores of the carbon and thus reduce its adsorptive will be ~terlle and standardlr~d, powers; .~nd I therefore prefer not to use such These and other objects of my invention which ~ubstsncez. will appear hereinafter to one s'kllled In the art An important feature of my Invention resides 4 ~ or which will be poln~cd out, I accomplish by that in the size and form of the carbon particles. The 45 composition of matter and by that process of particles must be small enough so that they will which I shall now describe an exemplary embodl- not produce mechanical obstruction In the bore ment. of the hypodermic needle or In any part of the Briefly, In the practice of my Invention, I pro- vascular system. The particles must act as entl- vide a sttspenslon of minute claa~lfled particles ties so that they will not conglomerate and ball I~0 of actffatcd b~rbon (this includes carbon from up, and cause obstructions, as above outlined. any source) In dry form or ~!r~ some sort of a car- The particles must not have sharp spicules or tier. This suspenslou is such that each particle projections which might puncture the Interior of a blood vea~el and produce ulceration or the like. I~ ll~ventlon makes it possible to prepare a sits- I~I~ 2~ ~0 4O I50 • "~cts as an entity, and as a result, has Increased fluidity or workability and a ~Ccrce~.ea. rf~te 91~

• 2 9,t48,088 pe~zsJon of carbon particles which will not be sub- of ways. Without limitation, I prefer to stand- Jeer to any of the objections discussed above. I ardize the agent on the per cent concentration have found it desirable to use no carbon particles of carbon or charcoal, the number of particles larger than a normal human red blood corpuscle, present in a unit weight or volume, its adsorptive 5 and I prefer to use a suspension In which none capacity for certain dyes or colors and bacterial ¢; of the particles are larger than seven microns, toxins such as diphtheria toxin or anaerobic It Is possible by my invention to prepare suspen- autolysate of pneumococcus0 and Its biological slons in which none of the particles are larger activity. than three microns, and, as a matter of fact. sus- I may In practice, after sterilization, Introduce 10 pensions can be made in which the size of the "Merthiolate" or any other germicide or anti- lO maximum particles is even more minute, depend- septic Into the composition In small quantities, lng only on the fineness of grinding, such as 1:20,000 '.~Merthiolate". This Is a stand- Another Important item Is that carbon or char- ard procedure In biological products and is done coal parUcles must bepurlfied an'd~'ctivated. I to inhibit the growth and destroy any organisms "preferto carryout this step i~9"t~ati'ng~tl~e~ar- which might accldently be contaminated into the 15 bon or charcoal with hydrochloric acid and then material while withdrawing part of the material washing It free of the acid with double distilled with a hypodermic syringe, e. g. when the needle ~vater. is plunged through the rubber cap. I]1 The purified carbon or charcoal is then dried The therapeutic agent according to my tnven- ! 20 and ground, and Is then activated by the action of tlS-nby V!itue oths high adsorptive qualities may hydrogen passed through It while it is held at a also serve as a vehicle for carrying other d~u~gs," temperature at approximately 300" F. These bacterial tox~lns,toxotds, Or biological products ~| steps may be accomplished by any of the well for Immunization purposes. In this way much /t known methods, higher doses may be given. g~ A definite amount of the activated carbon Is It will thus be seen that I have provided a 20 weighed out and mixed with the dispersing agent therapeutic agent which is advantageous in the and, if desired, with the protective agent in the adsorption of toxic materials, whether bacterial amount desired. By way of example, and without or from other sources, which stimulates phago- limitation, I prefer to use Congo red alone or cytosls and activates the reticulo-endothelium $0 dextrose alone, or a combination of.the two In system, and which is entirely safe and which sO amounts of one per cent of Congo red on the will not cause mechanical difficulties; and that I weight of the carbon or four hundred per cent have also shown an advantageous process for pro- of dextrose on the weight of the carbon or a corn- ducing a therapeutic agent. blnation of both. This mixture is put in a mill It is to be understood that I am not in any way $5 and g~ound. This milling may be accomplished limited with regard to the source or type of car- $5 dry, but I prefer to add double distilled water and bon or charcoal, and that modifications may be mill until the material is ground Satisfactorily. made without departing from the spirit of my In- I prefer to add enough water to make a six per ventlon and that I do not intend to limit myself vent concentration of the carbon. The milling is otherwise than as pointed out In the claims which 40 continued until microscopic examination shows follow. 40 that most of the particles are of the desired fine- Having now fully described my invention, what ~ess. The presence of the dispersing agent or the I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters protective agent or both permits a much finer Patent Is:--. grinding than is otherwise possible, and Increases 1. The method of preparing a carbon particle 45 the output of the mill. suspension for therapeutic purposes, which In- 45 The next important step in my process is par- cludes the steps of making first a concentrated tlele slze classification. Thls can be accomplished, suspension of carbon particles, then milling the depending upon whether the milling was done wet mixture In the concentrated state until no carbon or dry, by one of the well known methods, such particle Is larger than a human red blood cor- 150 as filtration, air separation, wet fioatatlon, wet puscle, then reducing the concentration, dispers- t;0 classification or others. Without limiting myself, Ing. and sterilizing the suspension. I prefer to use the filtration method. 2. The method of preparing a carbon particle If the milling was done wet, sufficient double suspension for therapeutic purposes, which In- distilled water Is added either before or after cludesthe stepsof activating thecarbon, grlnding $5 particle slze classification, to bring the concen- it, mixing it wlth a substance which will cause t;5 tratlon of the carbon or charcoal to that desired, the particles to be discrete and retain their In- I prefer to use concentrations of between one and dlviduallty so that they may act as entities, mill- three per cent; of course, if the milling has been ing the mixture to the desired fineness, separat- done in the dry state and it is desired to keep the lng out all carbon particles larger than a human• 60 carbon particles In a dry state until an injection red blood corpuscle, dispersing, and sterilizing the 60 Is to be given, then the double distilled water is added to the carbon just before it is to be used suspension. and thoroughly mixed at that time. 3. A therapeutic agent for Intravenous lnJec- The next step In my process comprises the tion adapted robe mixed with waterimmedlately 65 sterilization of the agent. This may be done In prior to an injection, comprising carbon particles 65 a number of ways, although I prefer to use heat. not larger than a human red blood corpuscle, to- Depending upon the type of protective agent, or gethcr With an agent which will cause said par- dispersing agent used, I either sterilize It In the ticles to be discrete and retain their Individuality Arnold for thirty to sixty minutes on three suc- so that they may act as entities. 70 cesslve days, or in the autoclave at fifteen pounds 4. A therapeutic agent comprising a dispersed 70 pressure for a period of twenty minutes. Sub- suspension of carbon particles in a carrier, the cultures are made as a control to be certain that size of said carbon particles being not greater the sterilization is complete, than a human red blood corpuscle, and being pre- The next step in my process consists in stand- dominantly 3 microns or over in size. ?0 ardization which may also bc ~loae Ii~ a ntimber 5. A therapeutic agent according to claim 4, T$